Amazon.com Marketing essays

Amazon.com Marketing essays I have selected to evaluate the marketing strategies of Amazon.com. Amazon.com is probably the most widely known of the dot com companies in the world today. They started as primarily an on-line bookstore, but they have greatly expanded their product offerings. They appear now to be attempting to position themselves as the one-stop shopping haven of the Internet. Today, Amazon.com is the place to find and discover anything you want to buy online....We have Earth's Biggest SelectionTM of products, including free electronic greeting cards, online auctions, and millions of books, CDs, videos, DVDs, toys and games, and electronics. (About Amazon.com, amazon.com). They are appealing to potentially all market segments. So, the first question I will attempt to answer in this paper is how Amazon will reach all those potential markets, get them to their website, get them to purchase, and get them to come back. The next question I will answer is how Amazons approach differs from a standard s tores approach. The Internet is transforming the way consumers and companies find each other. The Internet provides instant access for consumers to companies information and products. This gives companies a great opportunity to reach millions of people at a very low cost. The Internet makes it possible for [a] sponsor to select any of millions of messages and to simultaneously narrowcast any of them to millions of different individuals. It is just as easy for customers to request the information in the first place, or to respond electronically once they have it. (McCarthy ...

Genetics and Heredity essays

Genetics and Heredity essays ?What are genetics? It is the study and the variation of inherited characteristics that make up new life. Every child inherits genes from both of their biological parents. Some of these traits may be physical; hair, eye color or skin colors, etc. On the downfall some genes might carry certain diseases or disorders. Each gene is a piece of genetic information and all DNA in the cell make up the human genome. The wonderful thing about genetics is the technology that has been made for it and how advanced it is to now do what ever it takes to fix the unborn. Genes generally express their functional effect through the production of proteins, which are complex molecules responsible for majority of functions in the cells in the body. Heredity is a biological process where a parent passes certain genes onto their children or offspring's which all falls under the study of genetics. Genetic information with genes from their parent lies within the cells nucleus of each living cell in the body. The genes will be rested inside the chromosomes in the human body. In the body, we have up to 46 chromosomes divided equally between the mother and father. A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in cells that plays a major role in genetics. There are about 20,000 genes located on one of the 23 chromosome pairs found in the nucleus. Chromosomes are the structures that hold our genes. Genes are the building blocks of heredity; every child inherits genes from both of their biological parent. Some traits are physical for example; eye, hair and skin color will be brought down from the parent to the offspring. The down side of inheriting different genes is that the offspring may inherit some disorders or disease. A single gene disorder is where a mutation affects one gene, for example sickle cell anemia. Another disorder that can occur from genes is a chromosomal disorder is where the chromosomes or part of it is missing o...

Comparison of Three Books about Vietnam War Essay

Comparison of Three Books about Vietnam War - Essay Example While different authors appreciate the occurrences during the war, they portray the war and the US interference in different ways. This paper will examine three such books, comparing the description of the Vietnam War in all the books. The Vietnam War was a memorable event in the history of the US. A People's History of the United States In the book, A People’s History of the United States, Zinn presents the history of the Vietnam War in a simplistic manner that common people can appreciate. Zinn provides this history through the eyes of the common folk instead of the economic and political elite. For instance, he focuses on the US citizens’ resistance to the Vietnam War, as well as the people of North Vietnam who though deemed insignificant, were able to defeat the US-backed South. Zinn terms the US involvement in the Vietnam War as a mission in futility. He exemplifies that regardless of its military and technology superiority, the US was unable to defeat Northern Vie tnamese whose main weapon was human strength and tactical thinking capacity. According to Zinn, US victory in Vietnam was impossible because North Vietnamese dejected colonial imperialism after Japan’s failed attempt to capture Indochina. He argues that the US was fighting a war it could not win. This is because the people of Vietnam favored the government led by Ho Chi Minh and were against Ngo Dinh Diem’s regime. This allowed the people of Vietnam to maintain high morale throughout the war. On the other hand, morale among US military fighters in Vietnam was quite low because most of the American soldiers revolted against the atrocities they inflicted, like the My Lai massacre. Zinn describes the Vietnam War as a war between â€Å"the wealthiest and most powerful nation in global history† and â€Å"a nationalist, revolutionary movement in a peasant nation†. This description paints the picture of a fight akin to a cat and mouse fight where the insignifica nt revolutionary people fought against a mighty nation such as the US. Normally, one would expect that the stronger party in the fight wins, but in the Vietnam War, Zinn asserts that it is the small, insignificant humans who won against the technology of the US. In addition, Zinn speaks of the impact the US citizens had on the culmination of the Vietnam War. Zinn talks of the impact of the US movement against the Vietnam War as having, â€Å"played a critical part in bringing the war to an end†. Nonetheless, Zinn attempts to dispel the common belief that US opposition to the Vietnam War was amongst college students and intellectuals from the middle class. He uses statistics from the war period to show evidence that considerable opposition also came from the US working class. For instance, poet Robert Lowell refused to attend a luncheon at the White House, while singer Eartha Kitt spoke out against the war in the presence of the first lady. Zinn maintains the stance that it is the common people that brought change in Vietnam. The assertion â€Å"the revolutionists fought against the Japanese† and defeated the superior nation speaks of the impact of Vietnamese on the going on within their country. Zinn’s description of the war also holds that the troops also opposed the war, citing refusals and desertions to progress to war, as well as movements like Vietnam Veterans Against the War, which subsequently covered US invasions

Appreciative Inquiry of David Cooperrider Essay - 2

Appreciative Inquiry of David Cooperrider - Essay Example The questions asked are affirmative in nature and it focuses on the topic valuable to the people who are involved and directed at topics and issues for the success of the organization. This inquiry identifies â€Å"the area† where the organization needs to change. The change can be of different types which are as follows:   When an organization has to adapt to external factors, it may go through a major strategic change. Strategic organizational changes are usually quite transformative in nature as they include major adjustments and complete upheavals of the present way the organization operates.   People changes can be of large-scale or incremental. Large-scale people changes include replacement of the top executives with new employees in order to change the entire organization’s culture. Smaller-scale or incremental people changes include sending of management workers to team-building workshops and classes. These changes can be planned or unplanned, which may impact the employee’s attitudes towards work, behaviors of the individual and their performances.   Process changes define to be an attempt to improve the overall workflow efficiency and productivity of the organization. Organizations implementing these types of changes are highly successful when the new innovative process is applied to employee groups and the outcome of the new process work (Sharma, 2008).   In Silkeborg Council (Denmark) the problem in every department was absenteeism. The average number of working days that are lost over the first six months of 2001 was 9.25. One of the departments in which absenteeism was very high was the elderly care department. At this stage, the employees and the employers are inquired about the reason for absenteeism and then they are informed about the type of change which should be undertaken by them.   

Proving God's Existence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Proving God's Existence - Essay Example Yet, mathematicians admit that the presence of a concretely unlimited quantity of things results in self-negations (Craig & Sinnott-Armstrong 2004). For instance, what is perpetuity minus perpetuity? A mathematician will surely provide self-negating answers. For instance, if you deduct all the odd digits from all the natural digits, how many digits remain? The answer is an infinite digit. Thus perpetuity minus perpetuity is perpetuity. However, assume you deduct all the digits higher than 2. How many remain? The answer is 3. It has to be realized that in these two instances we have deducted similar numbers from similar numbers and end up with negating results (Craig & Sinnott-Armstrong 2004). In reality, according to Hoffman and Geisler (2006), one can obtain any result s/he likes from zero to infinity. This means that perpetuity is only a notion in an individual’s thoughts, not something that actually exists. David Hilbert, possibly the best mathematician of the previous era, claims, â€Å"The infinite is nowhere to be found in reality. It neither exists in nature nor provides a legitimate basis for rational thought†¦ the role that remains for the infinite to play is solely that of an idea† (Craig et al. 2003, 19). ... The astronomical proofs suggest that the universe was brought about by a massive explosion, approximately 15 billion years ago, referred to as the ‘Big Bang’. Actual spatial and temporal contexts resulted from that occurrence, and the energy and matter in the universe. Hence, as argued by Cambridge scientist Fred Hoyle, the Big Bang premise entails the conception of the universe from nothing (Craig & Sinnott-Armstrong 2004). In Hoyle’s explanation, this is due to the fact that as one regresses, one arrives at a time at which the universe was â€Å"shrunk down to nothing at all† (Craig & Sinnott-Armstrong 2004, 4). Therefore, what the theory of Big Bang implies is that the universe was formed out of nothing. At this point, from the fundamental premise of the argument, as the origin of space and time, this mystical beginning should be an immaterial, ageless, eternal, and uncaused entity which formed the universe. It should be uncaused since we have determined that there cannot be a perpetual relapse of causes. It should be eternal and hence undying because it created temporal contexts. Since it created spatial contexts as well, it should go beyond space as well and hence be ethereal, not material or physical (Hoffman & Geisler 2006). Basically, it seems that there is a credible explanation for the existence of God based upon the beginning of the universe. The Second Argument In the recent decades, scientists have found out that the presence of intelligent life forms depends on a composite and fragile equilibrium of initial circumstances presented in the Big Bang itself. Intellectuals thought in the past that whatever the first circumstances of the universe were, in due course life could evolve. It appears

Communication In Intimate Relationships

Communication In Intimate Relationships What makes relationships successful? What kind of process do we go through to create an intimate relationship? What are some of the problems we encounter during them and how should we go about solving those issues? The questions above are some of the subjects I am going to tackle in this paper. Relationships can be very rewarding if the good outweighs the bad. The success in an intimate relationship depends highly upon effective communication. There is not only one specific way for couples to communicate, because each relationship is different. It is important to know good forms of communication to improve the quality our relationships. Date night is the movie I chose to compare my subject to a movie. In this movie, a couple is having After being in a relationship for three years, I feel as though my relationship with my boyfriend is fairly successful. What makes a relationship successful? In my opinion, the following are important qualities of an intimate relationship: Friendship, love, respect, compassion, and passion among others. Friendship is a good basis for any relationship. I dont believe a couple has to start from friendship, but from what I have seen, it is important for a friendship to develop. While spending a lot of time together, it is important to have similar likes and interests, as friends do, to keep the fire going. Love is an obvious importance to an intimate relationship, because it is needed to endure the hard times of a relationship, as well as the easy times. Compassion is necessary when a person in a relationship is having a hard time and needs support; it is very important for a couple to support each other. Respect is very important to me, because I expect a mutual respect between my boyf riend and I to keep our boundaries set, and to keep us both happy. Our thoughts and opinions are important to each other. Every relationship has its own priorities in which different values are more important, as Anderson explains in more complex terms: Personal predispositions of one person will interact with the intimacy displays of another to produce unique individual valences of the intimacy displays of their partner (52). The process to form a strong bond in a relationship takes a good amount of time. They differ couple to couple and take the different steps at different speeds. Floyd lists Mark Knapps model of relationship development as the following: initializing stage, experimenting stage, intensifying stage, integrating stage, and bonding stage. The initializing stage is meeting for the first time (342-345). After the initial meeting comes the experimenting stage, which is where two people get to know each other through conversation (such as figuring out what kind of music, movies, and activities someone likes.) Next is the intensifying stage, which is when two people go from just having occasional conversations, to being closer friends. The intensifying stage may also include hanging out in groups of friends or only with each other. The integrating stage is when other people start to notice your relationship and that commitment has developed. The last stage is bondage, which is when a relationsh ip is announced to everyone, and everyone acknowledges the two as a couple. My last experience with the model of relationship development was quick. I met my boyfriend and four days later, we started dating. We got to know each other quickly, because we spent a lot of the summer together, directly after meeting, and we had many common interests. The experimenting stage occurred quickly, and we became closer friends in our quickly started relationship. The intensifying and integrating stage came pretty much at the same time. Everyone knew that we liked each other and were in a relationship almost right away. Bondage for us was very natural and everyone accepted us as a couple, and still does. What are some ways to improve our relationships? Research says that for a satisfying relationship, there should be five positive behaviors for every one negative and that unsatisfying relationships have only one positive behavior for every negative (Floyd.) In my personal relationship, my time together with my boyfriend is focused on forming at least five of those positive behaviors. Most days, we have many more than five positive behaviors for every one negative behavior, and I believe that does directly correlate with happiness in our relationship. Sorgen, on her WebMD feature says Its the rare couple that doesnt, sooner or later, run into a few bumps in the road. According to Sorgen, to improve communication, couples should do the following: make time, set up rules, listen to each other, and make sure to argue in private if you cant keep your voice down. I feel like my relationship follows these guidelines. We make sure no matter how busy we are, we find time to spend together, an d talk subjects out, if we need to. If we do get into arguments, we have rules, so we dont become too mean. We also try our best to listen to each other whether we disagree or not, and we definitely dont make a scene in public. Personally, being sensitive to anothers emotions and feelings is important to do; that is a problem I have in my relationship. When he doesnt agree with what I am saying, he becomes rude. I am an emotional girl, and my feelings are hurt easily and he knows what to say to get me to stop talking. It would help us a lot if he would calm down when I get emotional, and talk calmly instead of getting angry. This would prevent us from saying words we dont mean. Sometimes, when I am emotional for a serious reason, he fails to take my emotions seriously, and says something to upset me more. Why do we become emotional when we do? The most common way in which emotions occur is when we sense, rightly or wrongly, that something that seriously affects our welfare, for bett er or worse, is happening or about to happen.. (Ekman 19.) Although my boyfriend may be somewhat emotionally insensitive, he does apologize afterwards if he hurts my feelings, which means a lot to me. Compromise is important in relationships also. It can never just be about one person, or it is a one-road relationship that is bound to fail. According to Floyd, its important to emphasize excitement and positivity, handle conflict constructively, have realistic expectations, and manage dialectical tensions (362-367.) For my boyfriend and I, we try to be spontaneous and do things out of the ordinary on a regular basis; that emphasizes excitement. Just like in Date Night, when Phil and Claire Foster have problems because of having the same every day routine, romantic relationships may have problems when things are the same every single day. When they are chased and almost killed after being mistaked for thieves when they took another couples reservations at a restaurant. After all the excitement of being chased and almost killed, their relationship was much better because they appreciated each other much more after all the excitement. A change in a mundane schedule sometimes can help to get away from relationship problems. We also try to thank each other for things that we do just to make each other happy, so that both of us know we appreciate what we do for one another; that emphasizes positivity. Handling conflict constructively is the most important, because there is conflict in every relationship that I have seen and if conflict isnt handled constructively, it could obviously lead to an unhealthy relationship. Realistic expectations help to keep order in a relationship. You cant expect a person to completely drop his/her life to be with another person. There has to be balance in the relationship for it to be fair. Managing dialectical tension is dealing with two opposite needs (Floyd 366). Another way to help a relationship is to accept the person for who they are and not to try to change who they are. You should love a person for who he/she is, and if you cant accept that person for who he/she is, you shouldnt be in a relationship with him/her (Sorgen). In this paper, I explained what makes a relationship successful, and what can be done to make a relationship better. Every couples relationship is different and there is not one way to go about handling a relationship, or its problems. Make sure you love, respect, and show care for the person you love, and try to understand each others opinions and beliefs, even if you dont exactly agree with your significant other. Work Cited Anderson, Peter A., et al. Progress In Communication Sciences Volume XIV. Stamford: Ablex, 1998. Print. Elkman, Paul. Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication. New York: Henry Holt, 2003. Print Floyd, Kory . Interpersonal Communication: The Whole Story. New York, McGraw Hill, 2009. Print. Levy, Shawn. Date Night. 20th Cetnury Fox, 2010. Sorgen, Carol. 7 Relationship Problems and How to Solve Them. WebMD. N.d. Web. 15, Oct. 2010.

Citizen Soldiers essay -- essays research papers

In the book Citizen Soldiers by Stephen E. Ambrose, the title explains mainly what the book is about. The title itself gives you the insight about how the war was fought through the perspective of a regular citizen fighting in the biggest war in history. During the war there were many casualties, as a result more regular citizens were being drafted to go right into battle. In this book Ambrose exemplifies the fact that there were many regular citizens in the war and that they took the situation that they were in and made better of it and overcame it to come home as heroes. The men of the story were ordinary citizens put into an extraordinary situation and came out on top. These men often bonded together through some of the harder times, for example in the text there was a time where one soldier was able to be sent home to the states but refused it because he wanted to stay with his friend. â€Å"It’s either I stay here or he comes too,† those were the feelings of many people in the war that shared a special attachment with another man.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book was able to clarify many of my questions left over from Band Of Brothers, like how the men of the companies got along with the newer recruits and how they shared their feelings for them. I soon realized that the citizen soldiers of this book had their really close friends but they really didn’t see the new people as intruding on their war lifestyle and being too anxious to fight. They didn’t react to cruelly...

Accounting Equation Essay

The accounting equation is a formula that represents the relationship between the assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity of a small business. Businesses use this to basically show what it owns what it owes and what its investors are investing. In order to understand these concepts it is important to have some knowledge of what is meant by each of the three basic components mentioned. â€Å"Assets refer to the worth of goods or products in the possession of the owner. Liabilities represent the amount of cash or resources that were borrowed in order to acquire the assets. Net worth is the financial worth of the individual, less any outstanding debts to outside entities. †(M. Tatum 2013). These things are important because this is what makes a business of any size thrive. Business need to know these things so that it may make decisions about its future to determine whether or not it has the potential to be successful and prosper in the future or if they should take an alternate route to better their business practice. The balance Sheet plays a role in the accounting equation by giving a brief picture of the company’s financial state at a point in time. The balance sheet will represent the accounting equation for a company Assets = Liabilities + Owners’ Equity stated more simply, the dollar total of the assets equals the dollar total of the liabilities plus the dollar total of the owners’ equity. The balance sheet presents a company’s resources, what they have what they owe and what is invested in them. For example, say a company has an increase of $1,000 to its assets since the owner decided to invest more money into his business. This increase to assets represents an equal increase to the amount of money the company owes to the owner (equity). Thus, the accounting equation will not remain in balance unless $1,000 is added to the company’s equity as well (QuickMBA, 2007). It is important to realize, though, that a transaction can affect only one side of the accounting equation. For instance, if a company chooses to purchase office supplies for $400 using cash, this will not affect the business’s liabilities or equity. Instead, it only represents the exchange of one asset for another (cash is decreased by $400, while office supplies increase by $400). Finally, a transaction can cause more than two affects on the accounting equation. For example, say a retailer decides to buy a shipment of a new product for $1,000. This causes an automatic increase of $1,000 to inventory (an asset). However, instead of paying for this shipment with only cash, the company decides to pay $500 up front and purchase the rest on credit. As a result, cash is only decreased by $500 and liabilities are increased by $500, thus causing three changes to the accounting equation (Money Instructor, 2005).

How Japanese Religion is Depicted in “Spirited Away”

This can be seen as foreshadowing of what will happen further in the movie, when Choir is somewhat arced, or challenged, to leave behind her naivety and fear for courage and bravery to be able to handle what is to come in her future. The movie begins with a scene very similar to The Wizard of Oz – a turbulent trip followed by a strange Journey through spiritual and emotional growth, where the main character is in limitability. Choir and her parents take a wrong turn and follow a very rough secondary road to what they thought would be their home in the distance.This is what I believe to be the beginning of the display of Japanese religion, here statues, idols, and religious structures are seen. They end up at what appears to be an old abandoned shrine. This shrine is surrounded by tiny house-like structures, which the mother states are â€Å"spirit houses† for the spirits to live in. Everyone exits the car and decides to explore this abandoned area, which the father stat es might be an old theme park no longer in business.The family begins to enter a tunnel leading into the abandoned building. The travel portrayed by the family walking through a physical structure could be seen as the pathway between two orals, old and new. As the family goes through the shrine and emerge on the other side, they begin looking for food that they have smelled. When they find it, the mother and father sit down and begin eating, encouraging Choir to also try it.She feels something is not right, so while her parents are gorging on food, Choir explores the rest of the area. This is very symbolic individuals need to make the journey of spiritual growth on their own. She comes up on a huge bathhouse where she meets Master Haiku. The bathhouse is symbolic in Shinto religion, which refers jack to rural Shinto tradition of villagers and rural people to call upon the Kim (or spirits) to come out and bathe in their village baths.There is also symbolism in meeting Master Haiku, a s he states â€Å"has known Choir since she was very little† – similar to what we see in the relationship displayed in Christianity or Hinduism between God(s) and the individual. It is after meeting Haiku that Choir begins her journey through this spirit world. Shortly after meeting Haiku, darkness falls and Choir sees that she is becoming transparent. Haiku finds her and tells her to eat food of this world† so she doesn't disappear. This â€Å"food† was displayed in the movie as only a small berry.This berry is extremely symbolic, showing that one must take in (even Just small) pieces of the spiritual world to remain whole, or present, and to prevent from becoming transparent within the spiritual world. This could also suggest that without taking in â€Å"food† from the spiritual world, one simply becomes transparent and without substance within the real world. Haiku gives instructions to Choir as to how to survive this lamina Journey and leaves he r. Choir is quite frightened but Haiku tells her that she will be reunited with her parents soon.This is another example of foreshadowing, as we do not know for certain at this point that Choir will be reunited with them, but it is clear to Haiku that she will definitely be reunited. Choir continues her Journey, begging for a Job in the bathhouse to prevent being turned into an animal or vegetable. This references the Shinto belief that everything in life is gift giving – human, animals, and vegetation. But in order to experience the Kim in all vegetation and animals, one has to be pure of heart and mind in such a way that is difficult to attain.This is present in our everyday lives, as we are aware and involved with animals and vegetation, but it is possible that we do not experience the Kim of these things because our hearts and minds are too engrossed and polluted by worldly events, possessions, and unnecessary things. To be able to experience this Kim, we must cleanse our spirits and minds, Just as Choir moved through the various parts of the bathhouse beginning in the very dirty AOL area, and moving through various cleaner parts of the bathhouse.During her time in the bathhouse, Choir meets many new characters. The black ghost-like creatures are the souls of the dead of those who had regrets or worries. This is symbolic, showing that the person must be present-focused in their lives to avoid this punishment. â€Å"No Face† is another character met within the movie. This character initially shows selfishness and behaves like a tyrant; growth of this character is seen very parallel with Choir and toward the end of the movie, No Face learns to be kind ND genuine and helps Granny to knit a harridan to keep Choir safe.Through the various tests that Yuba (the Witch of the bathhouse) puts Choir through, Choir is able to purify and cleanse her heart and mind in such a way that she grows spiritually and emotionally as a person. Through this growth, s he is able to help Haiku remember his true identity. Although Choir was given an alternate identity (â€Å"Seen†) during her time at the bathhouse, she is also able to remember her own name, and is ultimately reunited with her parents.Once they have all returned to the car, Choir is the only one who remembers the Journey, though physical traces of dust and leaves on the car show that they have been gone for quite some time. Another Japanese cultural and religious perspective is seen in the fact that this is a very family-oriented movie. Everyone starts out together as a family, separates for some time while Choir learns to make selfless choices for the good of reunifying her family, then reunites at the end with Choir having gained the attitude that she will try to adjust to the new life for her family.

How has the War on Terrorism following the Essays

How has the War on Terrorism following the Essays How has the War on Terrorism following the Essay How has the War on Terrorism following the Essay How has the War on Terrorism following the 9/11 onslaughts on the World Trade Centre and the resulting Iraq War effected British Muslims? Contentss Page Abstraction The Nature of the War on Panic and the Social Position of British Moslems: p3 Direct effects on the British Muslim Community portion 1: p4 The Reaction of Civil Society Direct effects on the British Muslim Community portion 2: p6 The Reaction of the British State Islamophobia in the Media and Perceptions of Muslims: p9 Social Exclusion, Resistance and individuality: p11 Bibliography: p16 Search Scheme: p18 Abstraction The war on panic was so a watershed in international dealingss and planetary political relations. It highlighted the exposure of the universes staying world power and a justification for a new imperialist re-ordering of planetary political relations under American hegemony. When the â€Å"war on terror† was announced the Bush disposal claimed that it would hold to widen throughout the universe and go on decennaries and even coevalss ( Hardt and Negri, p14, 2004 ) . In consequence, the war on panic has given rise to a new cold war state of affairs making a new enemy for the West, viz. Islam and the Muslim World. Much like communism and the Soviet Union ; Islamic fundamentalism and the civilization of the Muslim World has come to the head and is invariably presented by politicians and the media as being a massive entity incompatible with Western secular broad democracy and so a menace to the latter hence Huntington’s â€Å"Clash of Civilisations† which negotiations of the rise of â€Å"Islamism† and â€Å"the continuing and profoundly conflictual relation between Islam and Christianity† ( p208, 1997 ) and how the struggle between the civilizations of Islam and the West â€Å"will continue to specify their dealingss in the hereafter as it has defined them for the past 14 centuries† , ( p212, 1997 ) . Huntington has stated that the job for the West is non Muslim fundamentalism but instead Islam itself, â€Å"a different civilization whose people are convinced of the high quality of their civilization and are obsessed with the lower status of their power† ( p9, Runnymede Trust, 1997 ) . It is clear that the stupid and oozing generalizations of Samuel Huntington are widely accepted amongst in-between category, rational and academic circles throughout the West, one has to inquire the inquiry as to how such people can be considered faculty members. Such positions imply the demand for Muslims to somehow transform themselves into something more acceptable, a â€Å"liberal† or â€Å"modernist† Islam, an Islam which is compatible with democracy. This is the kernel of cultural imperialism and the political and cultural hegemony of the West therefore it is of import to understand this context when analyzing September 11Thursdayand the state of affairs of Muslim communities as clearly the latter is capable the planetary power dealingss of American and Western Hegemony. This creates a hard state of affairs for Muslim minorities populating in the West who are now being viewed with intuition and somehow being allied to the political relations of Al Qaeda and the 9/11 onslaughts. For British Muslims, the war on panic has created a new racialist state of affairs for Muslims and moreover has exacerbated Islamophobia. I shall be discoursing this new oppressive state of affairs for British Moslems by foremost analyzing the nature of the war on panic and so the rise of racism and Islamophobia and besides media perceptual experience and its effects on Moslems with respects to exclusion and individuality by turn toing the ways in which Muslims have challenged this state of affairs politically through new societal motions particularly after the invasion of Iraq. Overall the relationship between Muslim communities and the British province is paramount to this essay. The Nature of the War on Terror and the Social Position of British Muslims Noam Chomsky has claimed that 9-11 led to a 2nd â€Å"war on terror† ( p193, 2004 ) , for Chomsky there is non needfully anything new in the war on terrorist act, in fact the first and so original war on terrorist act was declared 20 old ages ago under the Reagan disposal against states such as Nicaragua, Grenada, Lebanon, Libya and Iran. The present state of affairs is simply a continuance of this attack to planetary political relations therefore the provinces of Iraq, Afghanistan and North Korea have made it to the Axis of immorality, when antecedently the likes of Sadaam Hussein and the Afghan Mujahideen were US Alliess against Iran and communism. Although Chomsky’s analysis is feasible it is of import to cognize that there is a difference with our present state of affairs and that it is non merely a continuance of the policies of the Reagan disposal ; viz. the so called being of a multinational enemy, viz. Al Qaeda and a specific focal point on Islam, the Middle Eas t and Muslim states as the marks of non merely military and political onslaught but besides cultural and rational. Meanwhile at place in Britain, a British Muslim has to invariably watch the unfolding events through the media in Afghanistan, Iraq and the resulting arguments about Islam, Muslims, secularism and integrating. What consequence does this hold on the Muslim mind and outlook? How has the War on Terror affected Muslims as a minority life in Britain? It is clear that in many contexts across the state today, when a Muslim with a face fungus or hijab ( headscarf ) walks into a public topographic point such as the London Underground the so called â€Å"host† community may experience a specific sort of ill will or fright of that single due to the new political state of affairs we are populating under and the stereotypes it creates. Edward Said maintains that â€Å"modern Hesperian reactions to Islam have been dominated by a radically simplified type of believing that may still be called orientalist† ( p4 1981 ) the latter being the manner the West perceived the â€Å"orientâ₠¬  throughout the 17Thursday, 18Thursdayand 19Thursdaycenturies giving it â€Å"a particular topographic point in the Western European experience† viz. that of lower status ( p1, 1991 ) . It is true that such ways of thought can non be separated from the historical imperialist enlargements throughout the Muslim World. As a consequence British Muslims will instantly hold a stigma on them, therefore when a terrorist onslaught is committed the latter would be associated with Islam. It is interesting to see that bondage in Africa, colonialism, the atomic bomb in Hiroshima or the US bombardment of Indo-China in the sixtiess and 1970s is non attributed to Western civilization or Christianity. On the contrary, the old colonial orientalist ways of believing remain rampant and it is in this context that we must understand the effects the war on panic on British Muslims particularly when we analyse race dealingss, the reaction of the New Labour authorities to the war on panic and changeless media demonization of Muslims. Moslems are presented as being monolithically reactionist, conservative, patriarchal and homophobic even though these inclinations are cosmopolitan. Muslim Asiatic adult females in the media for illustration are invariably portrayed as being veiled, subservient, inactive and helpless against a so called oppressive Islamic civilization ( Khan, p3, 1999 ) . Colonialism has ever been justified on moral evidences ; one can see that clearly with the war in Iraq. However of all time since British regulation in India, there has existed the demand to make an image of the colonised as being from a civilization â€Å"in disarray† frequently this focused on â€Å"women who urgently needed rescuing by white Godheads and ladies† ( Khan, p6, 1999 ) . This was a dominant ideological justification for the invasion of Afghanistan. The War on Terror has hence become a pure battle for freedom, democracy and autonomy yet from the point of position of British Muslims is the complete antonym due to its direct effects viz. increases in hatred offense, racial torment, favoritism, media stereotypes, anti-terrorist statute law and its disproportionate usage against Muslims, the Gallic hijab prohibition and of class Guantanomo Bay. Alongside the bombs that have rained down on Afghanis, Iraqis and menaces against Syria and Iran it is no admiration that Muslims in Britain feel under besieging and that the war on panic is a war against Islam. Direct effects on the British Muslim Community portion 1: The Reaction of Civil Society It is true that when we talk about the British Muslim community we are mentioning to a preponderantly migratory community. Many of the first modern-day Muslim immigrants arrived in Britain during the sixtiess and 1970s from Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. In 1961 the Muslim population was 82,000 but by 1971 it was 369,000 ( p14, Runnymede Trust, 1997 ) , many of the immigrants from Pakistan came from the Mirpur territory of Azad Kashmir due to the building of the Mangla Dam which displaced big Numberss of people who were so compensated and used the money to migrate to the UK ( Anwar, p23, 1979 ) . Many of the first immigrants from the Carribean and South Asia experienced both racial favoritism, racial force, ill will from the media and established politicians as seen with Enoch Powell’ s celebrated â€Å"rivers of blood† address in 1968. Racial onslaughts besides became common throughout the 1980s and 1990s, in 1993 the BNP won its first of all time triumph in a local c ouncil election in Millwall, Tower Hamlets and in that same twelvemonth at that place were130,000 racially motivated reported condemnable incidents non including the non-reported instances ( Anwar, p11-14, 1998 ) . It is of import to understand that any post-9/11 anti-Muslim racism is simply a continuance of an already bing system and civilization of white Anglo-Saxon domination and xenophobia. Nevertheless racism, like a chameleon alterations in conformity to its societal context therefore Islamophobia after 9/11 does intend that racism has a specific focal point on the Muslim community. Frequently, South Asiatic migrators were distinguished by the province by skin coloring material, therefore the linguistic communication of anti-racist rhetoric frequently referred to both South Asians and Afro Caribbean as â€Å"Black† , however although Afro-Caribbean’s may be comfy with this world South Asians prefer to specify themselves in other ways, viz. through faith ( Pilkington, p37, 2003 ) . This is particularly true now of many Pakistanis and Bangladeshis be they foremost, 2nd or 3rd coevals. Nevertheless British Moslems are a diverse community including non merely South Asians but besides other migratory communities such as Somalians, Turks, Arabs, North Africans and converts. Tariq Modood has pointed out how racism in Britain in the wake of the Holocaust has moved from 19Thursdaycentury theories of biologically inferior and superior races to a racism based on civilization. Indeed cultural racism therefore focuses more on â€Å"cultural differences from an alleged Brits or ‘civilised’ norm to revile, marginalise or demand cultural assimilation from groups who besides suffer from biological racism† ( Modood, p154-55, 1997 ) . Modood has besides rather right asserted that Islamophobia â€Å"is at the bosom of modern-day British and European cultural racism† ( p163, 1997 ) , and so the war on terrorist act with its linguistic communication, political orientation, arguments and the political ambiance it has created which question the compatibility of Muslims with a sensed impression of Britihsness and the British manner of life. I believe that today, Muslims in Britain and so Europe are confronting a really similar state of affairs to the Jews of Western Europe in the 19Thursdayand early 20Thursdaycenturies. There have been two dramatic effects of the War on Terror on the British Muslim community. The first is the reaction of what I shall term British civil society to Muslims affecting favoritism, racial torment and force against those of Muslim visual aspect. The 2nd is the reaction of the British province and preponderantly I am mentioning to anti-terrorist statute law such as the Anti-Terrorism Act 2000 and the Anti-Terrorism, Crime A ; Security Act 2001 ( ATCSA ) which has been a really unjust and oppressive governmental response to the tenet of the War on Terror. I shall be discoursing the inside informations of each of these structural effects on the British Muslim community with mention to single instances so as to foreground how post 9/11 anti-Muslim racism is both institutionalized and single. Islamophobia is the â€Å"unfounded ill will towards Islam† and Muslims, so Islamophobic inclinations can be dated as far back as the 11Thursdaycentury and the campaigns ( p4-5, Runnymede Trust, 1997 ) , in fact today it is common for the media to hold the words â€Å"Islam† , â€Å"Muslim† and â€Å"terrorist† lumped together but it is unusual to see that the IRA or the Ugandan Lords Resistance Army are neer viewed as â€Å"Christian terrorists† . In fact association of immorality and Satan with Islam was common throughout the 11Thursdayand 12 centuries ( Q News, p22, Jan 2004 ) The 1997 Runnymede Commission on British Muslims and Islamophobia was hence of import in exposing the rise of a new racism which presents Islam as being massive, different, inferior from Western civilization and finally the enemy. The War on panic and so the political relations station 9/11 has created a state of affairs where many British Muslims particularly adult females have suffered â€Å"heightened favoritism and abuse† affecting verbal maltreatment in the street and Muslim adult females holding their hijabs forcefully removed. In fact many British Sikhs besides suffered racial force and maltreatment for being mistaken as Muslims ( Richardson, p23, 2004 ) . Therefore it is clear that Islamophobia can consequence all cultural minority groups for illustration â€Å"a black individual or Hindu may be attacked or abused on the street because Britain is in difference with a state which happens to be Muslim† besides a Muslim may be attacked because of their colored visual aspect ( p41, Runnymede Trust, 1997 ) , whilst a white convert Muslim may be targeted because of his of hers spiritual visual aspect. A community militant from Newham Monitoring Project, an anti-racist administration based in Ne wham East London explained to me that after 9/11 â€Å"it was duck runing season on Muslims† , the work at NMP involves covering with racial torment with a 24 hr exigency service line for victims of racism ( NMP Annual Report, 2003-4 ) , post 9/11 there were infinite instances of racial torment and force against Muslims in the East London country. Administrations such as Newham Monitoring Project and the Islamic Human Rights Commission which trade with racial torment and human rights instances noticed an addition in racial force and torment against Muslim persons, belongings and topographic points of worship. The War on Terror has besides greatly benefited the British Nationalist Party and its leader Nick Griffen which has won assorted local council elections in the North of England where the public violences, in fact Nick Griffen has gained plenty assurance to dispute Labour MP Anne Cryer in her Dagenham and Keighley Seat ( Tania Branigan, The Guardian, April 20Thursday, 2005 ) . It is of import to foreground that the BNP has focused its run against Muslims utilizing acceptable Islamophobic discourse which is widely accepted by mainstream society. The BNP has in fact changed its more open racism and so Nazi inspired biological racism in the 1980s, concentrating more on cultural racism and therefore Islamophobia which is made more legitimate by the War on Terror and besides by the fact that many Labour MP’s and politicians such as Robert Kilroy Silk and so broad authors have made racialist remarks on Muslims every bit good as generalizations about Islam. The docudramaThe Secret Age nt, broadcast 15ThursdayJuly 2004 exposed the BNP’s blazing anti-Muslim stance. Nick Griffen appeared on an interview on Newsnight explicating how his positions on Islam and Muslims are widely accepted by well-thought-of journalists such as Richard Little John ofThe Sunand Polly Toynbee who writes forThe Guardian. The BNP has hence leafleted Afro Carribean, Hindu and Sikh communities every bit good as in-between category and working category White communities about the immoralities of Islam and how Muslims are taking over Britain. The BNP’s racialist generalizations of Islam involve non merely showing it as being monolithically rearward, a menace to democracy and women’s rights but besides make highly remarks such as how Islam’s main method of spreading was through colza and how the Prophet Muhammed was a moonstruck and a pedophile ( â€Å"The Secret Agent† , July, 2004 ) . The BNP has besides been involved in distributing myths about Muslim and As ylum Seeker communities in the North of England, for illustration claiming for illustration in the Burnley constituency that Muslims are exempt from paying council revenue enhancement if they can show they used a supplication mat for worship in their places, ( Miah, Q News, p9, Nov 2003 ) . Indeed such myths simply exacerbate bias, engendering hatred and division. For hapless white working category communities in the North of England it produces person to fault for their jobs, viz. the every bit hapless South Asian Muslim communities. The War on Terror has hence legitimised racism against Muslims and so in the context of the North of England the BNP has used on in the wake of the â€Å"race riots† in the North of England in the summer of 2001 and the labored race dealingss between South Asian Muslims and White people to smother racial tensenesss. The riots themselves were exacerbated by onslaughts on members of the Muslims community in Bradford, Burnley and Oldham by far right fascists. Islamophobic discourse station 9/11 has merely benefited the BNP making more racial tenseness and a state of affairs of societal exclusion and marginalization for the Muslim community in the North of England. BNP electoral triumphs simply add to the exposure of the Muslim community and one could state that Tony Blair and George Bush has been the best thing to of all time go on for the British far right. Direct effects on the British Muslim Community portion 2: The Reaction of the British State It is no surprise that station 9/11 the British province has followed the American illustration with respects to security step. Unfortunately this has simply led to the racial profiling of Muslims and those of Muslim visual aspect as terrorist suspect. The Labour Minister responsible for antagonistic terrorist act Hazel Blears late stated that Muslims will be stopped and searched more frequently so the remainder of the populace, claiming that â€Å"there is no acquiring off from it† and how terrorists were concealing behind Islam ( Vikram Dodd and Alan Travis, â€Å"Muslims face increased halt and search† , The Guardian, 2neodymiumMarch, 2005 ) . Massoud Shahjareh of the Islamic Human Rights Commission reacted by stating that Blears was demonising and estranging our community. It is a legitimisation for a recoil and for racialists to hold an onslaught on our community and so as already discussed this can be seen with the BNP’s run scheme as the political state of affairs creates a justification for their open anti-Muslim campaign, it is merely in recent old ages that the BNP has been able to elect up to 20 local council members across the country.. In pattern The Anti-Terrorism, Crime A ; Security Act 2001 ( ATCSA ) ; passed in the wake of September 11Thursday, has led to the detainment of 16 foreign subjects without test, moreover 30,000 places have been raided, 700 people arrested of which merely a mere 3 people have been charged ( stoppoliticalterror.com ) . Stop and hunt of Asians has increased therefore it is clear that the Muslim community, refugees and refuge searchers have become blazing marks of station 9/11 anti-terrorist statute law. One such victim was Barbar Ahmed, a alumnus with an MA who worked at Imperial College, London in Information engineering Support. He was arrested by armed constabularies officers in December 2003 that broke into his house in the early hours of the forenoon, he was beaten unconscious by the constabulary, dragged, had his private parts searched and forced into a Muslim supplication place of which the officers so mocked him by stating â€Å"where is your God now? † ( freebabrahmad.com ) . Barbar Ahmad received over 50 hurts some really serious including a fractured skull, bruised kidneys and blood was besides found in his ears and piss. He was so interrogated for 6 yearss and had his place searched and was so released on 8ThursdayDecember without charge due to miss of grounds to imply him for the terrorist act charges. Barbar Ahmad was re-arrested on 5ThursdayAugust 2004 on an extradition warrant from the US, foregrounding how British Moslems can easy be the mark of the US legal system thereby overthrowing the national sovereignty of the British legal system. If we take the Babar Ahmed instance as an illustration, it is clear that after his apprehension and terrible whipping by the constabulary in December 2003 and his recent re-arrest under and extradition warrant from the US, a just test has neer one time been granted and moreover the accusals made against him involve an alleged panic secret plan on the Empire State edifice in New York, however the grounds for this allegation is based on a 30 twelvemonth old travel booklet that was found in Babar Ahmed’s father’s house when it was raided by constabulary ( freebarbarahmad.com ) . The political relations of the War on Terror has hence meant a corruption of democracy and in peculiar an absence of democracy for Muslims in Britain be they British citizens or non. The Guardian late published an article saying that â€Å"Of the 701 people arrested under the Terrorism Act since the September 11 onslaughts, half have been released without charge and merely 17 convicted under the a ct. Merely three of those instances relate to allegations of Islamist extremism. The other strong beliefs involved Irish paramilitaries both republican and loyalist a Sikh extremist group and the Tamil Tigers† and that senior anti-terrorist functionaries have besides admitted that the terrorist menace was exaggerated ( April 23rd, 2005 ) . Another illustration is the Algerian Raddah Kadre who is held in Belmarsh on extradition to France with charges of holding association with terrorists. Nevertheless Kadre has merely been convicted with keeping a bogus passport and non terrorist act. Furthermore the celebrated Ricin panic secret plan collapsed in tribunal when 8 of the 9 were acquitted due to miss of implying. In add-on the instance of Kamel Bourgass who murdered a Police officer in Manchester was convicted of slaying and cabaling the cause a public nuisance grounds which had nil to make with terrorist act, besides Bourgass’s 4 codefendants were acquitted and cleared of those charges. Nevertheless the media continues the panic narratives, with changeless articles about shoe bombers, ricin and cyanide chemical onslaughts on the resistance and coverage for assorted fundamentalist sermonizers such as Shiekh Abu Hamza and Sheikh Omar Bakri Muhammed. This has simply contributed to the farther marginalization and societal exclusion of British Muslims. It is in this facet of the War on Terror that one can see clearly how the authorities and media work manus in manus in the demonization of the Muslim community and making increasing fright of an enemy within and therefore supplying a justification for the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. With respects to societal exclusion, it is of import to now analyze the effects the War on Terror and the ambiance it has created has on the media and its effects British Muslims. Islamophobia in the Media and Perceptions of Muslims Herman and Chomsky have stated that the media â€Å"often supplemented by official censoring, makes it clear that the media serve the terminals of a dominant elite† sing that the province bureaucratism dominates â€Å"the levers of power† ( Herman and Chomsky, p1, 1988 ) . Much of the media are integrated into the market, moreover media houses are dominated by â€Å"very affluent people† who are constrained by â€Å"owners and other market net income orientated forces i.e. major corporations, Bankss and authoritiess and so this can be seen for illustration in the manner a corporation such as Mobil Oil can buy newspaper infinite to acquire its point of view across ( p14-15, 1988 ) . Richardson highlights how newspapers under capitalist economy are run much like a concern, therefore the newspaper is a merchandise to be sold â€Å"and making so in the most profitable mode possible† with the purpose to seek high â€Å"audience penetration† making †Å"stories that are diverting, enjoyable and engaging† . With respects to British circular documents the latter is aimed at â€Å"powerful center and upper classes† ( p35, 2004 ) With this in head and so the deficiency of cultural minorities working for newspapers it is clear that the media follows a â€Å"propaganda model† and fails to be nonsubjective and in fact marginalises the voices of cultural minorities which are over-represented in the poorer and â€Å"disempowered subdivisions of British society ( p36, 2004 ) . The media is hence the most powerful tool in implementing negative stereotypes of Muslims and so since 9/11 the invariable televised coverage of terrorist act and instantly associates violence entirely with Islam. Indeed the media has ever had a colonial and orientalist repute, however negative linguistic communication of Muslims creates an sole sense of â€Å"otherness† amongst the British populace. The media frequently promotes an â€Å"us and them† political orientation, with changeless mentions to Islam and Muslims being separate from the West, which in itself is a blemished analysis of the universe foremost in the manner it creates division and does nil for the involvements of peace and secondly it shows complete ignorance for the fact that there are 1000000s of Muslims populating throughout Western Europe and America. A recent article in the Evening Standard entitledcivilization clangnoticing on the recent menaces by a little group of Muslims made against the poli tician George Galloway ; stated in true Huntington manner the clang between a broad society and its Muslim minorities, foregrounding how Moslems are in demand of a â€Å"great societal transformation† and that a civilization that holds that adult females â€Å"have fewer rights than others, so liberalism has to face that culture† ( John O Sullivan, Evening Standard, 22neodymiumApril, 2005 ) . In an article in The Sunday Times magazine about Muslim minorities in Holland, the forepart screen was entitled â€Å"a continent in convulsion† saying that â€Å"Muslims will shortly outnumber Christians in some Dutch metropoliss, Liberal Holland is raising roadblocks. Should we? † The article used negative linguistic communication such as â€Å"Islamic immigration† and implied the demand for Western European societies to move against this menace ( Moynahan, Sunday Times Magazine, Feb 27Thursday2005 ) . Islam hence becomes entirely inhibitory, autocratic and patriarchal towards adult females and a violent militaristic menace to the West which is entirely democratic, free, broad and non-violent, hence making negative perceptual experiences of Muslims. In fact Western society nowadayss itself as the Jesus of Muslim adult females, proposing the demand for Muslims to alter in conformity to Western secular civilization. This can be really patronizing to British Muslim adult females, of which many from the 2nd and 3rd coevalss wear hijab out of pick. Sitara Khan sites an illustration of a BBC 4 programme about honour violent deaths and whether it is â€Å"Islamic† or non. She highlights how on the same twenty-four hours there was coverage of kid sex maltreatment instances within the Roman Catholic churches in Ireland â€Å"but no commission of experts on Christianity was summoned to determine the legitimacy or otherwise of this type of evildoing harmonizing to Biblical sources† . Despite the diverse experiences and backgrounds of Muslim adult females â€Å"she continues to be viewed by the establishments in Britain as a victim of a backward and barbarian civilization whose redemption lies in the custodies of the white ma n† ( Khan, p108-10 1999 ) . Prior to 9/11 the hijab and Islamic frock was non truly viewed with such aggressive intuition whereas today it is a living symbol of the Islamic menace to Western modernness. Unfortunately station 9/11 circular columns frequently help develop in-between category and upper category perceptual experiences of Muslims, of which Polly Toynbee is celebrated. In The Independent article in February 1996 she commented on province support of Muslim schools claiming that the province will be â€Å"educating kids to believe adult females are of inferior status† . But one has to inquire how many Muslim adult females do white journalists and womens rightists such as Toynbee, consult when composing their articles? Today it is clear that there are many extremely educated Muslim adult females and that â€Å"in some Muslim communities the proportion of university educated adult females is significantly higher than the national average† ( Alibhai Brown, p15, 2000 ) . Post 9/11 Toynbee continues her to do wild statements of how â€Å"Muslims are the best America haters around† and that â€Å"moderate† Muslims are making nil to root out extremists ( The Guardian, August 18Thursday, 2004 ) . In 1997 Toynbee wrote an article entitled â€Å"In defense mechanism of Islamophobia† saying that â€Å"I am an Islamophobe, I judge Islam non by its words† but its actions ( Richardson, p128, 2004 ) . One could state the same about Christianity and Western society however the War on Terror has made anti-Muslim racism universal in the sense that a BNP leader and a broad can spurt the same rhetoric making a unsafe state of affairs for British Muslims as minorities. A recent Channel 4 docudrama entitled â€Å"Are Muslims Hated? † stated that Islamophobia is an hyperbole and how it is being used to forestall broad unfavorable judgments of Islam. Unfortunately such statements after 9/11 show ignorance for the colonial power dealingss that Muslim states and minorities are subjected to and a 1993 Liberal Democrat statement doing clear that in a democracy freedom of address has bounds and is constrained by the other â€Å"fundamental democratic values† such as the publicity of equality so as to deter group bias ( Runnymede Trust, p25, 1997 ) . Furthermore a bar of unfavorable judgment of Islam is non truly the job as clearly cardinal to the linguistic communication of the War on Terror has been the changeless unfavorable judgment of Islam. The job is an unequal unfavorable judgment of the universe, Islam and the West are non equal entities, the latter clearly implements, political, economic and cultural high quality over the former whic h is presented to the universe as being inferior. The deficiency of societal and political equality in the universe therefore demands to reform if Moslems are to experience less the marks of Western onslaughts be they verbal, physical or militaristic. Unfortunately as the War on Terror continues into its 5th twelvemonth this seems extremely improbable. The separation therefore is made between being British and being Muslim ( Richardson, p118, 2004 ) and in my position such media coverage is frequently indirectly responsible for racial torment. When a Muslim reads the newspaper, she is forced about into an excusatory place, that somehow she is a cause of society’s ailments. A Muslim is either a â€Å"fundamentalist† or a â€Å"modernist† , neer merely a Muslim as so the latter two labels mean nil to a Muslims mundane life in Britain. This shows clearly how both the province and media work together in making an ambiance of fright and racism which gives support to the extremists of the far right BNP. Social Exclusion, Resistance and individuality It is of import to analyze the effects the war on panic has in making societal exclusion for Muslims and furthermore the effects on individuality. Amongst Muslim communities, societal want and unemployment is prevailing within many Pakistani and Bangladeshi communities which are besides among the lowest income families in Britain ( Richardson, p29, 2004, Pilkington, p96-98, 2003 ) . Many Moslems are besides overrepresented among school students aged 16 with the poorest makings and many Muslim alumnuss have worse occupations so people of Indian and Chinese backgrounds ( p29-30, 2004 ) . Alongside the media demonization, racial torment and province repression the War on panic does non assist in bettering the societal state of affairs of Muslims. If anything it increases the chances of favoritism and equal entrees to occupation chances due to stereotypes. Khalida Khan a community militant for the Muslim women’s administration An Nisa has in Q News stated that feelings of disillus ion, disenfranchisement and the injury of racism has led to a â€Å"growth of desperation, defeat and extremism† ( Nov 2003 ) in reaction to a feeling of cultural lower status. Although there is some truth in Khans statement I believe that there is a inclination as faculty members to pigeonhole Muslim young person, it is hence of import to understand the diverse experiences of the community and how Muslim individuality reacts to this state of affairs. From the information I have gathered it is clear that integrating and Islam has become a dominant discourse amongst the media, academic circles, the authorities and the populace in general. The War on Terror has had some a portion to play with respects to making negative perceptual experiences but at the same clip has really helped make a new state of affairs for Muslims. A particular study on immature Muslims in the Guardian involved journalists discoursing the issues of the twenty-four hours with immature educated and professional Muslims. Many of them expressed their concerns over the issues such as anti-terrorist statute law, Islamophobia and the war in Iraq but claimed that the sarcasm of the War on Terror is that it has helped farther the â€Å"integration of Muslims† therefore Muslims have been given the â€Å"opportunity to startle the community and do their voices heard† ( November 30Thursday, 2004 ) . This can be seen in the many protest motions that have emer ged for illustration in reaction to the war, where many Muslims participated in the anti-war protests. One such adult female was Salma Yaqoob, a Muslim adult female from Birmingham and clinical psychologist who was spat on by a member of the populace after 9/11 for have oning the hijab. Now she is standing as a campaigner for the Respect party in Birmingham, going the first hijabi adult female to make so. This is an illustration of how the War on Terror has politicised Moslems who antecedently had nil to make with political relations. Many Muslims may besides be voting against the Labour Party which historically received Muslim support. In the Tower Hamlets constituency Muslims have the opportunity to take the pro-war Labour MP campaigner and ballot in George Galloway of the Respect Party, in fact Galloway seems to be trusting on Muslim support therefore the War on Terror in some contexts has allowed Muslims to be in a powerful place in taking societal motions ( respectcoalition.org ) . Many other runs have emerged in reaction to detention of Muslims without test in Britain and Guantanomo Bay ; therefore it is clear that all these motions have brought the concerns and civilization of British Muslims into the mainstream. Even the media has had to react as can be seen with Channel 4’s Muslim orientated Shariah Television where Muslims gather to discourse societal issues and spiritual religion. As a consequence we may see more Muslim MP’s and public figures thereby disputing the jobs of under-representation and marginalization. In many ways these political reactions of Muslim communities to the constructions of the War on Terror has meant that Muslims are altering the perceptual experiences of themselves coercing British society to go more plural. Tariq Ramadan has referred to this as a â€Å"silent revolution† ( Q News, December 2003 ) and that Muslims are eventually building a â€Å"European Muslim individuality capable of going accepted at the mass level† , ( Ramadan, p254, 1999 ) . The dialectic of the War on panic is that although it marginalises Muslims it may assist supply a better apprehension of Islam at the same clip therefore a soundless revolution may yet go a loud one in clip. Bibliography Written Beginnings Debating Cultural Hybridity: Multi-Cultural Identities and the Politicss of Anti-Racism, edited by Pnina Werbner and Tariq Modood, Zeb Books, 1997 A Glimpse through Purdah: Asiatic Womans–the myth and the world, Sitara Khan, Trentham Books Ltd, 1999 The Myth of Return: Pakistanis in Britain,Muhammad Anwar, Heinemann Educational Books Ltd, 1979 Between Cultures: Continuity and Change in Lives of Young Asians,Muhammad Anwar, Routledge, 1998 Racial Disadvantage and Ethnic Diversity in Britain,Andrew Pilkington, Palgrave Macmillan, 2003 Who do We Think We Are: Imagining the New Britain, Yasmin Alibhai Brown, Allen Lane The Penguin Press, 2000 To be a European Muslim, Tariq Ramadan, The Islamic Foundation, 1999 Misrepresenting Muslimism: The Racism and Rhetoric of British Broadsheet Newspapers, John E Richardson, John Benjamins Publishing Co, 2004 Covering Islam,Edward Said, Routledge and Kegan Paul Ltd, 1981 Oriental studies: Western Concepts of the East, Penguin Books, 1991 Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media,Edward S Herman and Noam Chomsky, Pantheon Books, 1988 Hegemony or Survival, Noam Chomsky, Metropolitan Books, 2003 Multitude,Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, Hamish Hamilton, 2004 The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, Samuel P Huntington, Simon and Schuster, 1997 Islamophobia: A Challenge for us all, The Runnymede Trust, 1997 Newham Monitoring Project Annual Report 2003-4 Media Beginnings Q News, Jan 2004,Islam the Enemy Q News, Nov 2003, Shamim Miah Q News, Nov 2003,where are we heading, Khalida Khan. Q News, December 2003 Interview with Tariq Ramadan The Guardian, 2neodymiumMarch, 2005,Muslims face increased halt and hunt,Vikram Dodd and Alan Travis, The Guardian April 23rd, 2005,words of warning backed by small grounds, Vikram Dodd and Alan Travis Flushing Standard, 22neodymiumApril, 2005,civilization clang, John O Sullivan Sunday Times Magazine, Feb 27Thursday2005,Puting the fright of God into Holland, Brian Moynahan The Guardian,Young, Muslim and British, November 30Thursday, 2004 Are Muslims Hated,C4 Documentary, Keenan Malik, January 8Thursday2004 The Secret Agent, BBC Documentary, July 15Thursday, 2004 Web sites Stoppoliticalterror.com Respectcoalition.org Freebarbarahmad.com Search Scheme I managed to obtain a really diverse scope of beginnings. I used assorted books on cultural surveies to sketch the general sociological state of affairs of cultural minorities this involved utilizing authors such as Tariq Modood and Sitara Khan. This nevertheless could hold been improved by obtaining books with a specific focal point on British Muslim such as â€Å"Muslim Britain† edited by Tahir Abbas and Philip Lewis’s â€Å"Islamic Britain† . Nevertheless I believe I compensated for this due to my entree to assorted community beginnings such as Q News and community administrations such as Newham Monitoring Project, Islamic Human Rights Commission and run groups. My usage of Huntington, Chomsky, Said and Hardt and Negri’sBattalionadded an internationalist attack so as non to be nescient of the planetary constructions and how they influence the state of affairs for British Muslims. My subdivision on the media could hold possibly referred briefly to tabloi d newspapers every bit good as the circulars such as The Guardian, nevertheless as I was utilizing John E Richardson’s extended research on the representation of Muslims in the circular imperativeness I focused on the latter. I deliberately ended with Tariq Ramadan’s of import positions on European Muslim individuality so as to make a sense of hope for the hereafter as his research looks at Islamic Bibles so as to obtain an apprehension of what it means to be Muslim and European. Although he is theological at times it would hold besides been good to unite this with Homi Baba’s more sociological research on cultural hybridity.

McKinsey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

McKinsey - Essay Example One of its values includes delivering the best in the most cost effective manner to their clients, which necessitates high performance at all levels in order to achieve their mission. Such high performance and high motivation are achieved at McKinsey by following a comprehensive performance management system that is also congruent with the nature of their work and is apt for their employee skill set. Performance assessment is based on objectives that are set in advance to every employee. 1. Type of Feedback: At McKinsey, all analysts, engagement managers and principals receive periodic feedback from their reporting managers. For instance, all analysts/consultants’ performance is reviewed at the end of each engagement and they receive a detailed feedback for every activity performed on the job (Farshad). They receive feedback from their engagement managers at the end of each engagement. Here, engagement managers are evaluated on how well they train their consultants and not jus t the profitability of their particular practice; they are encouraged to provide a balanced feedback to their team members (Ethan 150-155). McKinsey also follows an annual performance appraisal process after a number of mini evaluations for every consultant so that they are on track and focused towards goals. 2. Organizational & Procedural Justice McKinsey’s unique policies and practices such as the alumni program, the mini MBA program, training and skill enhancement practices etc. are highly appreciated and valued by its employees throughout the world (WetFeet Insider Guide 30). Many employees acknowledge that they receive full support and encouragement from their leaders and the company to pursue their interests, initiatives and careers inside and outside McKinsey. McKinsey boasts of spending millions on training programs that help in developing consultants and leaders of the McKinsey type. Furthermore, in order to deliver the best results and performance, McKinsey focuses on continuous learning rather than short-term training sessions. These continuous learning practices actually help the employees develop skills and expertise that can not only be used at McKinsey & Co but also after their tenure with the company. McKinsey adopts unique problem-solving techniques to resolve issues brought forward by its employees, based on logic, root cause analysis and fair judgment. However, employees are expected to adopt high integrity, honesty and commitment once associated with the company at all costs; in case of any exceptions, they are free to move on or are forced to move out. VII. Reward & Pay 1. Reward Management: Being employed by McKinsey is a reward in itself considering its high working standards and lifestyle besides other rewards that come in the form of salary and incentives including various types of employee benefits that are hard to match by competitors. McKinsey’s reward and remuneration packages vary distinctly for employees at all leve ls and in different geographic locations; however, these packages are certainly most competitive in their field and location. Standard remuneration appraisals are based on accurate and systematic evaluation processes across all locations. According to WetFeet reports, McKinsey rewards its undergraduate analysts by giving them frequent salary raises as a

A story with an epiphany and gothic sensibility like Southern Gothic Assignment

A story with an epiphany and gothic sensibility like Southern Gothic - Assignment Example He didn’t want his brat of a sister using them while he was gone. He was pretty sure he’d locked the video cabinet and he knew he’d secured the padlock just in case, but he couldn’t remember if he’d fully bolted his bedroom door. They drove all the way out to the house without a word. Uncle Jack was actually Stan’s great-uncle and they didn’t have much in common. Uncle Jack belonged to the old world before there was a color TV in every room and barely even knew what a computer was. He also almost never talked. As they pulled up to the crumbling old Colonial, Stan’s hazel eyes widened with shock at what he saw. Just from the outside, it looked like the place should be condemned, not fixed up in a bid for a historical marker. The drive was choked with weeds, the balconies sagged and the shutters, where present, sagged in frames of broken or missing glass. â€Å"Family helps itself,† Jack muttered, ambling over to the front door, fumbling with the large ring of keys he’d brought with him. Stan was impressed. Keys meant control and possession, two of his favorite things. Uncle Jack swung the blue painted wood door inward with a barely perceptible creak and Stan walked into a hallway filled with sunlight as it danced across the millions of dust motes the outer breeze was stirring. His first reaction was a giant sneeze. It was going to be worse than he thought. Jack pointed to doorways as they stomped down a frayed rug – â€Å"parlor, drawing room’s through that doorway there, library, den’s in the back, dining, storage, this here’s where we stay – servant room.† The door opened to a small cramped space that was just large enough for two twin beds, a nightstand each and a single dresser – no closet. But it was clean and he could smell the wholesome scent of fresh sheets. Stan explored the rest of the house, finding several more bedrooms on the second floor, none of which had a decent